12/24/2023 0 Comments 3d scatter plot ggplot2 in r![]() ![]() In this case the background color of the legend becomes transparent and the overlapping points become visible. bty = “n” : to remove the box around the legend.Yes, there are several solutions using the combination of the following arguments for the function legend(): Is there any solution to avoid this overlap? However, sometimes, there is an overlap between some points and the legend box or between the axis and legend box. Using keywords to specify the legend position is very simple. Legend("bottom", legend = levels(iris$Species), You can play with inset argument using negative or positive values. The argument inset is used to inset distance(s) from the margins as a fraction of the plot region when legend is positioned by keyword. What means the argument inset in the R code above? S3d <- scatterplot3d(iris, pch = 16, color=colors) Specify the legend position using keywords # "right" position The function points3d() is described in the next sections. S3d <- scatterplot3d(iris, pch = "", grid=FALSE, box=FALSE) Source('~/hubiC/Documents/R/function/addgrids3d.r') Finally, the function s3d$points3d is used to add points on the 3D scatter plot.The function addgrids3d() is used to add grids.An empty scatterplot3 graphic is created and the result of scatterplot3d() is assigned to s3d.The R code below, we’ll put the points in the foreground using the following steps: The problem on the above plot is that the grids are drawn over the points. Scatterplot3d(iris, pch = 16, grid=FALSE, box=FALSE)Īddgrids3d(iris, grid = c("xy", "xz", "yz")) col.grid, lty.grid: the color and the line type to be used for gridsĪdd grids on the different factes of scatterplot3d graphics: # 1.The default value is TRUE to add grids only on xy facet. Possible values are the combination of “xy”, “xz” or “yz”. grid specifies the facet(s) of the plot on which grids should be drawn.In this case the arguments y and z are optional x can be a matrix or a data frame containing 3 columns corresponding to the x, y and z coordinates. ![]() x, y, and z are numeric vectors specifying the x, y, z coordinates of points.It can be easily installed, as it requires only an installed version of R. Scaterplot3d is very simple to use and it can be easily extended by adding supplementary points or regression planes into an already generated graphic. This tutorial describes how to generate a scatter pot in the 3D space using R software and the package scatterplot3d. There are many packages in R ( RGL, car, lattice, scatterplot3d, …) for creating 3D graphics. Add regression plane and supplementary points.Specify the legend position using keywords.Specify the legend position using xyz.convert().Change the global appearance of the graph.Change the shape and the color of points.Library ( plotly ) data Life Expectancy:', lifeExp, 'GDP:', gdpPercap, 'Pop.:', pop )) fig % layout ( title = 'Life Expectancy v. ![]()
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12/24/2023 0 Comments Zap zone shooting lansing mi![]() ![]() Tequila Cowboy Enjoy a prime rib dinner buffet while listening to the country twang tunes of David Shelby carry out 2018 in style. The Exchange Acoustic duo Keith Minaya and Travis Libby open the night before The Smooth Daddy band takes center stage to reign in 2018. $40 single, $80 couple, Event runs until 1:30 a.m. UrbanBeat UrbanBeat is ushering in the New Year salsa style, with dance lessons and Cuban-inspired dishes. Zap Zone How about something a bit more family friendly? Zap Zone is offering all you can play on all of its attractions. Complimentary champagne toast will be held at midnight. DJ W6 will be handling the tunes and $3 shot specials will be served all night. Michigan Ave., Lansing (517) 708-3441ĭuke’s Saloon Connected to Tin Can, Duke’s is a rowdy dance bar. Tin Can Tin Can will have festive Faygo bombs, pudding shots and its traditionally off-kilter Pabst Blue Ribbon Toast. Nuthouse Sports Grill Lansing’s favorite cover band Starfarm will run through a stable of hits at the Nuthouse as the beer and champagne flows. is celebrating by offering a special re-release of its Balldropper DIPA and hosting a party with no cover charge and live music by Mix Pack. Michigrain Distillery Michigrain is hosting a New Year’s Eve party and will serve a special in-house drink for the occasion. Live music will be performed by Freddie Cunningham and Root Doctor. The Michigan Princess Why not spend New Year’s Eve on a boat? Dinner will be served, along with a champagne toast and balloon drop at midnight. The dress code is “stylish and classy” and there will be complimentary champagne toast at midnight. ![]() ![]() Bottle service will be available for VIP booths, tables and couches. The Loft DJ Butcher will handle the music at the Loft’s annual New Year’s Eve party. There will be a toast with the champagne of beers, you guessed it, Miller High Life. Unicorn Lounge Unicorn Lounge wants you to forget 2018 by way of its magical remedy, alcohol. Radisson Hotel What’s more romantic than celebrating New Year’s Eve with hotel reservations? The couple’s package includes dinner for two in the Capitol Ballroom, five drink tickets per person, full bar from 7 p.m.-12:30 a.m., champagne toast at midnight, late night bites, live entertainment and overnight accommodations. The drink menu will be ‘20/30’s inspired and there will be drag performances, sexy shot boys, go-go dancers and a photobooth. Patrons are encouraged to dress in their best Al Capone pastiche. Spiral Dance Bar Spiral is taking it back to the Prohibition era. Here’s what’s going on around town the night the ball drops: Luckily, Lansing is more than accommodating for those who have an itch that can only be cured by a proper rager. Sundays.New Year’s Eve, the bonafide best party night in the United States, needs no further hype. Monday through Thursday, noon to midnight Fridays and Saturdays and noon to 10 p.m. Summer hours at Zap Zone, located at 43680 Van Dyke, are noon to 11 p.m. We’ve had people come in for fun from ages 4 through 80, and recently hosted a hilarious birthday party for someone that turned 75. “I love seeing families have fun together, and it’s a clean, safe, alcohol-free atmosphere. We’ve also hosted fun runs for schools by giving free passes to those that participate to support their school. ![]() We also proudly support March reading month by offering schools free bookmarks that work as free passes to all students that read five books in March. “We do fundraisers and give hundreds of free parties as donations to help all kinds of organizations raise money for their causes. “Zap Zone is very proud to be a positive part of the local communities we serve,” Drouillard said in the release. There are also private rooms for parties that are catered by Jet’s Pizza.ĭrouillard said laser tag is always their most popular attraction, followed by bumper cars and glow golf, and that he enjoys hosting the lock-ins for groups such as Boy Scouts, high school bands and elementary schools. Zap Zone sells hot dogs, nachos, chips, pop, pretzels, cotton candy, and frozen soft drinks, and tables are available for families to socialize and relax. ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Brass plumb bob with fins![]()
12/24/2023 0 Comments Woodford reserve mint julep![]() ![]() After youve enjoyed a classic mint julep, of course Explore our favorite cocktail (and mocktail) recipes to mix, share, and enjoy. ![]() This year, go beyond the classic mint julep. Consumers age 21 years and older can log on to to purchase one of the 103 traditional cups or to bid on one of the three Prestige cups. Derby Recipes Party Planning Derby Way Blog Fashion Watch & Follow Bet the Derby. The 103 traditional cups and three Prestige cups will be presented on Kentucky Derby Day (May 7) at Churchill Downs in The Woodford Reserve $1,000 Mint Julep Cup Experience enclosure, where the cocktails will be constructed. Purchasers of the special cups will enjoy a mint julep featuring a unique set of ingredients from around the globe: ice made of rainwater captured on the pristine island of Tasmania, Australia rare chocolate mint grown in San Diego, California bourbon smoked sugar from Louisville, KY combining the flavor of raw Demerara sugar and Woodford Reserve barrels and a small batch of the Master Distiller's personal selection of Woodford Reserve super-premium bourbon. Proceeds from the cup sales will benefit equine charity The Heart of a Horse Foundation. Bring Millionaires Row to your Kentucky Derby festivities with Woodford Reserve Mint Julep Simple Syrup This rich simple syrup is a 2:1 ration of sugar. A limited run of 103 sterling silver cups without the special gold detailing are also available for $1,000 apiece. on a horseracing trophy created by the famed jeweler in 1876. ![]() The sterling silver cups feature a design around the base in 24 karat gold vermeil originally used by Tiffany & Co. Photo Courtesy of Woodford ReserveWoodford Reserve, the official Bourbon of the Kentucky Derby, is offering the world's most exclusive and expensive mint julep for this year's festivities in conjunction with Tiffany & Co.Ĭontinuing their tradition of exotic variations on the classic cocktail for the world's most famous horse race, this year's offering includes an ultra limited edition of three Prestige julep cups to be auctioned off with a starting price of $2,000 apiece. ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Iberostar paraiso maya grand![]() ![]() With a discount code or promotional code, you will get other benefits in addition to the basic rate conditions. What is a promotional code and what is it for? And if adults want some time to themselves, they can request babysitting services and enjoy an intimate meal. Our youngest guests also get to enjoy a children’s pool just for them, a children’s menu at hotel restaurants, and a merry-go-round. In addition, as part of the Wave of Change sustainability program, the outdoor play area at Star Camp has been created with more than 6,500 kg of recycled plastic, equivalent to about 32,500 five-liter jugs, which saves about 65 trees’ worth of wood. Children under 3 years old can visit the new Kangaroo area, where they can play while supervised by an adult. ![]() The Star Camp schedule is from 10:00 a.m. The program is divided into age groups where children can learn to cook at the mini-chef kitchen, play video games, discover the importance of caring for the environment in Starky’s garden with puppet and recycling workshops, bounce on the trampolines and much more. The children’s activity program Star Camp is a total hit with the families staying in the hotel. Just 22 mi from the Cancún airport, our hotel is surrounded by tropical flora and fauna native to Mexico, where you can be at one with nature. Do you prefer a workout session, a round of golf on the 18-hole course or taking a dip with the diving center? Combine it with a visit to SPA Sensations and you’ll feel as good as new!ĭid you know that the world’s second-biggest coral reef can be found just off the coast of the Riviera Maya? At Iberostar Paraíso Beach, we invite you to come enjoy it and care for it. Do you want to reconnect with yourself and nature? Thanks to our Aliveness offer, you’re in luck. And to satisfy everyone’s appetite, we offer a wide range of culinary options, with full buffets and different themed restaurants. This family hotel on the Riviera Maya is the perfect place to enjoy the vacation of your dreams. Cool down in one of the resort’s outdoor pool areas while the little ones learn and have fun in the children’s pool with Star Camp. Please see our booking conditions for information, or for more information about financial protection and the ATOL Certificate go to: ATOL protection does not apply to the other holiday and travel services listed on this website.This hotel on the Riviera Maya is part of the Paraíso Complex, which includes five 5-star Iberostar hotels. If you do not receive an ATOL Certificate then the booking will not be ATOL protected. ![]() This website will provide you with information on the protection that applies in the case of each flight before you make your booking. Some of the flights on this website are also financially protected by the ATOL scheme, but ATOL protection does not apply to all flights. If you do receive an ATOL Certificate but all the parts of your trip are not listed on it, those parts will not be ATOL protected. Please ask for it and check to ensure that everything you booked (flights, hotels and other services) is listed on it. When you pay you will be supplied with an ATOL Certificate. All the flight-inclusive holidays on this website are financially protected by the ATOL scheme. ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Customize windows 10 start menu tiles![]() ![]() Phone app - I'm just not gonna talk about it how bad it is. UI is just outdated, thankfully thare are great community themes that are great. I was repporting A LOT OF issues for UI (I'm picky about UI crap) and they are still in sytem, no one care Laggy animations, even fresh install with Ryzen 2700x, GTX 1080ti, 16 gig ram can lag animations in system, somehow hackintosh on crappy laptop dont have this problem somehow, Few years ago (when surface comes out) I bought one, I reported multiple errors with UI, they did not fix any, I attached all info needed. Accent letters+ they tell you to instal different keyboard layout and use it or search for charmap and copy and paste accent letters. Explorer tabs + no one care File Explorer tabs in version 1809 - Microsoft Community, once you're satisfied with the size, click on "Tile Iconify!" button and you're but they don't. You can press this button here to auto-resize the icon for you.Ħ. after you select your ico file, use the Sliders to make the icons look bigger and fit. You can't access the ico file of the installed Windows store app, those files are restricted and locked by the system, changing folder permissions mess things up later.ĥ. Photoshop doesn't do it by default, it needs a free plugin which you can get from here Or you can make your own ico file, then you need to covert normal PNG/JPEG file to ico. ico files from Internet, just type "download ico file for Carwash app" select your PWA app, then double click on icon area to select an. this tool is Exactly made for changing PWA, custom links, custom pinned programs on start menu, so for example if you have both Twitter app (installed from Win Store) and Twitter PWA app on start menu, this tool only shows you the PWA version when you type the App's name in its search area.Ĥ. it's portable so just double click and run it as admin.ģ. download this open-source free tool, TitelCoinifier from GithubĢ. The Start menu doesn’t take up the entire screen by default, but if you’re feeling nostalgic for the old days of Windows 8, you can easily change that.1. Now that you have your Start menu arranged just the way you want it, why not resize it? Mouse over either the top or right-hand edge of the Start menu until the resize pointer appears, then click and drag to resize it, just as you would resize a window. While you’re at it, go ahead and rearrange your groups by dragging the drag thumb that appears (look for the two horizontal lines that appear near the right-hand edge of the group’s name bar). Give the group a name, then press the Enter key. ![]() Mouse over the empty space above each group, then click Name group once the text appears. You can easily name your live tile groups. Once the bar appears, release the mouse button, and Windows will create a new group containing that app. To create a new group, click and drag a live tile to an empty space in the Start menu’s live tile pane until a horizontal bar appears (the bar’s color will vary depending on your accent color). ![]() You can create a group for games, for example, or one for productivity apps, communication apps, design apps…it’s up to you. You can also group your live tiles as you please. ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Sun belt expansion![]() ![]() I’m going to say yes, just because the odds of any G5 team finishing undefeated are small. (Matt Cashore / USA Today)ĭoes an undefeated SBC team make the New Year’s Six? - David W. I think they’ll be three very solid and deep leagues.Ĭharles Huff and Marshall are 2-0 after beating Notre Dame. ![]() So I don’t see the AAC or the MWC falling behind the Sun Belt by any means. Some Sun Belt schools weren’t interested in moving to the AAC because of the budget differences. Most of those schools pay their football head coaches more than $1 million. The four Power 5 wins this season already make that obvious.īut the AAC and the Mountain West have more money. Its additions strengthened regional ties with programs that have a dedicated fan base and/or a winning culture. 1 in the AAC to replace them, and the other leagues have had plenty of depth and parity. The reality is that UCF, Houston and Cincinnati have taken five of those eight NY6/CFP spots, and they’ll move to the Big 12. Some years that could be the AAC, or Mountain West, or Sun Belt, or MAC, or even Conference USA perhaps. I expect we’ll have a lot of schools from different leagues contending for what will eventually be an automatic CFP berth. The AAC has earned six of those eight NY6 spots, and Cincinnati broke through as the first G5 team to make the CFP.īut I don’t really think there will be a clear No. It’s undoubtedly true that the AAC has been the top dog in the Group of 5 since the formation of the College Football Playoff and the guaranteed New Year’s Six spot for the G5. What are your thoughts on the direction of the G5 conferences? - Louis S. It now looks to me like the pecking order will be: 1) SBC, 2) AAC, 3) MWC. ![]() Meanwhile, the Mountain West standings are more or less indistinguishable from the MAC. I previously thought the three leagues would be pretty closely bunched together for the first couple of years at least, but it looks like the SBC is quickly making its case as top dog. Let’s get into it.Ĭhris, you’ve been asked a lot about which G5 conference will come out on top after realignment. There’s a lot to talk about, so this is a mailbag-only edition of the G5 Drive. ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Shin megami tensei iv dlccodes![]() ![]() You can visit Tokyo and talk to characters or find out new information. Devil Survivor a tactical role-playing game in which the player controls a variety of squads that include one leader and two supporting players. The Protagonist finds that he is able to predict the length of a person’s life and decides to try to prevent their deaths as much as possible. They witness a demon-like outbreak and some of them become their allies. Quick Review Of Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Survivor Overclocked Romĭevil Survivor follows a teenager and his friends in modern-day Tokyo. Quick Review Of Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Survivor Overclocked Rom.Whether battling it out in post-apocalyptic Tokyo or forming alliances against angels and demons, the game keeps you hooked from start to finish.Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Survivor Overclocked 3DS Rom is a tactical, role-playing video game from the Megami Tensei series that was developed by Atlus and released for the Nintendo 3DS Roms. ![]() From Nanashi’s death-and-back journey to the in-depth turn-based combat system, this game is as complex as it is entertaining. So there you have it-a virtual whirlwind tour of the game “Shin Megami Tensei IV: Apocalypse” for the 3DS. You’re not just mindlessly tapping buttons you’re making calculated decisions, like a demonic chess master with an army of underworld minions. It’s a reward system that keeps you on your toes and strategically planning your every move. ![]() If a team member lands a critical blow or exploits an enemy’s weakness, you earn an extra turn. One of the beloved features of this game is the in-game combat system focusing on elemental exploitation and critical hits. If you exploit an enemy’s weakness or score a critical hit, your team gets another turn-think of it as the universe’s way of saying, “Nice move, here’s a high-five!” But mess up, like missing an attack or having it blocked, and you’re losing your turn faster than you can say, “Oops!” THE ELEMENT OF SURPRISE: CRITICAL HITS AND WEAKNESSES The action is a delicate dance of elements and tactics. Nanashi isn’t going solo he can summon up to three demons to help out in battle. This game employs a turn-based system that is as intricate as exciting in combat. And did I mention that these quests are your primary source of grinding and gaining power? Yep, leveling up is a full-time job here. It’s like an action movie, but you’re the star. One of your first significant assignments? Freeing Krishna from some angel-and-demon-patrolled jail in a daring alliance against celestial and infernal forces. Dagda is your boss, and he’s pretty serious about his management style. You’re not just aimlessly wandering around Tokyo in the game-you’ve got missions. To each their own! THE QUESTS: LIKE YOUR DAILY TO-DO LIST, BUT EPIC It’s like a twisted vacation where you get angels and demons trying to dominate the world instead of sunsets and beaches. The game lets you explore this desolate wonderland from a third-person perspective. The once-bustling city is now a chaotic arena safeguarded by a weakening dome. The stage for all this action is post-apocalyptic Tokyo. Nanashi jumps on board because who wants to be dead when you could be alive and raising all kinds of hell-literally? POST-APOCALYPTIC TOKYO IS YOUR PLAYGROUND Dagda promises to bring him back to life if he agrees to be his servant. In the afterlife, Nanashi receives a tempting offer from Dagda, who is not your usual HR representative. But, good news! Death isn’t the career-ender it used to be. So, you play as Nanashi, an elite demon hunter who-plot twist-dies early on. This is the vibrant setting of the 3DS game “Shin Megami Tensei IV: Apocalypse.” Buckle up because things are about to get wild. Life after death isn’t so bad, especially when you get a job offer from Dagda to cause more mayhem. Enter Nanashi, a top-tier demon hunter who undergoes a minor hiccup-he dies. Now, folks inside are essentially playing chess with celestial and infernal beings. It’s a good thing a dome exists to shield this bustling metropolis, although, over the years, it’s taken quite the beating. Let’s journey back to an era when angels and demons were duking it out, and Tokyo is caught smack dab in the middle. ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Constrictor knot bondage![]() ![]() This suggests a thin cord, no? -no my 8mm. > embed itself into a fleshy area, which makes it hard, even dangerous to cut it off. Whippings loosened (which I know I set fairly if not maximally tightly). Keep in mind the friction of wraps going around flesh (or garments) and how that defeatsĪshley's myth about the Constictor's undefeatable security has lived too long, parroted No, I didn't put my full (or even half) weight upon the end-but maybe, hmmm, 30# force? Was old 8mm nylon kernmantle, rather frictive (from age, not wear), moderately firm. Of the local headlines: Knot So-Called "Expert" Dies on Self-Binding !). Not to be too light in the tensioning, I tied (w/hands bound-bonus points to the knotting merit badge)Īshley's Stopper in the shorter end, slotted it in a handy by-the-pulley thin-slotted hook,Īnd stepped down into an eye on the opposite end, and t i g h t e n e d (with visions To play the keyboard (just imagine the contortions!) or perhaps I was able to work free (yes)? Own personal pair of wrists and-much to the consternation fo some, no doubt-I'm yet able ![]() Where to begin: "under any circumstance"!? Well, under the cicrumstance of learningīefore typing, I just tied said dangerous and intractably secure binder knot around my very Is it precisely this sort of balderdash I had pointed to in the quoted passage,Īnd speak of the devil and he shall appear!? ::) Into a fleshy area, which makes it hard, even dangerous to cut it off. Make it virtually impossible to untie once it has tightened, especially should it have the opportunity to partly embed itself Its self gripping and concealing structure Please do not under any circumstances apply a constrictor to the human body. Taking advantage of the insight offered by Roo of that knot's weakness in its needing to be pressedĪgainst a convex surface-conceivably one could wiggle the wrists to exploit this! Victim, all the while smugly asserting their expertise and the victim, less vocal but more savvy, Knot as one of their Top Ten, one could fancy their too-clever-by-half employment of it upon some Quote -This forum's current chatter could provide some ideas for the scene: so many here cite the Constrictor If you are referring to a beautiful artistic display that, while erotic, is limited to an artist's interpretation and not a sex act then you would be speaking of Shibari.- Quote from: DerekSmith on December 16, 2008, 02:17:45 PM. Whereas Kinbaku is the more sexual side of it, the word associated the BDSM and sex games side of things. The word Shibari in Japanese is specific to the act of tying, or binding. The main difference is being in the word chosen to describe it. While it is obviously associated with that as well, it is also independently considered an art form and is practiced by very serious artists. The secret here is that not all bondage is sexual in nature. In this book you will learn about what it takes to safely and confidently perform the Japanese art of Shibari otherwise known as bondage. Welcome to the beginners guide to Shibari. Here is a preview of what you'll learn: - What is Shibari? - Materials for the Japanese art of Shibari - Knotting and Tying - The knot tying of hands "stirrup" - The tying of hands "stirrup" (another variation) - The wrist knot "chain" - The knotting under arm "rat-tail stopper" - Connecting neck with both arms "common whipping" - Leg bind "round lashing" - Hip tie "square lashing" - Ankle's tying - Chest knots - Chest bind "figure 8 knot" - Chest bind "figure 8 knot" with hands - Advanced Knotting & Tying - The rope tying of hands, shoulders and legs - Double loops to tie mid arm mark "bowline" - The tying "fisherman's knot" - Sturdy knot of body "overhand bow" - The tying neck & back "common cross whipping" - The tying "cow hitch" - "Constrictor knot" - Humble coin knot "double overhand" - The tying "ashley stopper knot" - Difficult tying of waist, legs and head - The knotting rope If you are referring to a beautiful artistic display that, while erotic, is limited to an artist's interpretation and not a sex act then you would be speaking of Shibari. ![]() ![]() 12/24/2023 0 Comments Weather channel lightning tracker![]() ![]() Sheet lightning - the popular name applied to a 'cloud discharge' form of lightning in which the emitted light appears diffuse and there is an apparent absence of a main channel because of the obscuring effect of the cloud.Forked lightning - lightning in which many luminous branches from the main discharge channel are visible. ![]() Ribbon lightning - ordinary cloud-to-ground lightning that appears to be spread horizontally into a ribbon of parallel luminous streaks when a very strong wind is blowing at right angles to the observer's line of sight.Pearl-necklace lightning - a rare form of lightning, also termed 'chain lightning' or 'beaded lightning', in which variations of brightness along the discharge path give rise to a momentary appearance similar to pearls on a string.Rocket lightning - a very rare and unexplained form of lightning in which the speed of propagation of the lightning stroke is slow enough to be perceptible to the eye.Ball lightning - a rare form of lightning in which a persistent and moving luminous white or coloured sphere is seen.These pulses are known as 'sferics' and are capable of travelling great distances because they are reflected between the surface of the Earth and a layer of the upper atmosphere called the ionosphere - in a similar way to light travelling within a fibre optic cable.Īn individual sensor is able to detect a sferic, but in order to determine a thunderstorm's exact location, a network of sensors is required (e.g. the ATDnet system network of 11 sensors positioned around the world). When a strike occurs, the network of sensors will pick up the sferic at slightly different times and through a technique known multi-lateration these readings can be used to determine the exact location of the thunderstorm. The difference in the time taken for the sferic to reach one sensor relative to another is called the ATD (Arrival Time Difference). When lightning strikes it sends out pulses of radio waves and these can be used to detect lighting strokes. The Met Office ATDnet system detects these pulses at a frequency known as VLF (Very Low Frequency) - much lower frequency than normal radio waves. These include intense rain and tornadoes. Detecting lightningīeing able to detect the location of thunderstorms is of great importance as it is not only the lightning strike that is dangerous, but many other factors linked to thunderstorms. ![]() When positive lighting strikes it is forced to go around the negatively charged base of the cloud, this generally results in a more powerful lighting strike which shoots out sideways and sometimes can travel a mile more away from the storm cloud before connecting with the ground. The nature of this type of lightning strike is where get the term 'a bolt from the blue'. Most lightning strikes originate from the negative part of a cloud, however occasionally a strike can come from the positively charged top part - this is called 'positive lightning'. The term lightning 'strike' refers to cloud-to-ground lightning, where lightning 'strikes' the ground. A lightning flash is what you can see, but this is often made up of several individual lighting strokes which are pulses of current which occur separately if though only hundredths of a second apart. Lightning flashes and lightning strikesĪlthough often assumed to be the same thing, there is a key distinction between lightning flashes and lighting strikes. As the attraction between the cloud and the ground grows stronger, electrons shoot down from the cloud cutting through the air at around 270,000 miles per hour. This leaves the ground and the objects on it with a positive charge. The path they make in doing so forms the channel we see during a flash of lightning.Īs negative charge builds at the base of the cloud, the electrons near the ground's surface are repelled. If the attraction is strong enough, the electrons will rapidly move towards the positive atoms. As well as being attracted to the positive charge in the top of the cloud, the surplus of electrons in the cloud base are attracted to positive charge in other clouds and on the ground. ![]() The hail continues to fall through in the lower part of the cloud, giving it a negative charge. The updraughts continue to carry the ice particles upwards, giving the top of the cloud a positive charge. During these collisions, electrons are transferred to the hail giving the hail a negative charge, while the ice particles that have lost electrons gain a positive charge. Some of the hail that forms becomes too heavy to be propelled by the updraughts and so begin to fall back through the cloud, bumping into smaller ice particles as they do so. Some of the pieces of ice grow into hail, but others remain very small. As tiny water droplets form inside a storm cloud, they are propelled towards the top of the cloud by strong internal winds (updraughts) where they turn to ice. ![]() |
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